When asked what they know about Peru many people jump straight to Machu Picchu (not literally, it’s quite a long hike).
But did you know that the South American country has an array of fantastic sites, ranging from natural beauty to historical treasures?
Check out out guide to the top things to do in Peru, including the main tourist attractions you shouldn’t miss and also some lesser known destinations which you should definitely add to your itinerary.
Peru Travel Essentials
If you are looking to book a trip to Peru check out these websites:
• Book cheap flights to Peru on Skyscanner.
• Find the best accommodation in Peru with Booking.com.
• View small group tours of Peru with G Adventures.
The Ultimate Peru Itinerary
We’ve put together a guide to the wonders of Peru you can’t miss. This itinerary can be followed point by point, mixed up, added to, subtracted from or discarded entirely. But it’s pretty good. We promise.
1. Lima
Peru’s often-overlooked capital may not have the historical majesty of the Incan interior or the natural beauty of the Amazon, but there’s still enough to occupy you for… well..at least a day or so!
Wander around the Old Town and Plaza Mayor for some beautiful architecture and try to find time to discover Huaca Pucllana, an ancient clay pyramid hidden in the backstreets of the affluent suburb of Miraflores.
2. Ica & Huacachina
On this Peruvian run down we’re heading south first and, on your way down the coast, be sure to stop at the town of Ica and nearby oasis of Huacachina.
Huacachina is an extraordinary desert oasis located a short distance from the city of Ica. Surrounded by rolling sand dunes, the small lake was believed to have ancient healing powers. This made this small haven popular with wealthy Peruvians in the 60s.
Since then, it has grown to be a popular attraction with a great variety of accommodation and restaurants dotted around the water. Many visitors also enjoy the most popular activity in the area – taking in the view from the top of the sand dunes before sand boarding to the bottom!
3. Nazca Lines
The mystical Nazca lines of Peru have long left historians and archeologists baffled about their presence. The mysterious parallel lines and geometric figures are etched into the rich soil on the desert floor.
They are best seen from the air on a short scenic flight, although there is also a viewing tower. The gigantic shapes include a monkey, hummingbird, spider and what is considered a spaceman. Three separate groups are thought to have created them. These are the Paracas (900 -200 BC), the Nazca (200BC -600AD) and then new migrants from Ayacucho around 630AD.
1553 was the first mention of the mystical figures. At this point, they where thought to be trail markers. Over time, countless historians and archaeologists have attempted to determine the purpose of the lines and now believe they are simply linked to the Inca beliefs.
The idea they were created to determine the position of the sun and other celestial bodies is a popular proposal. Others argue they were formed so they could be seen by the gods. If you like a little mystery, this is one of the best places to visit in Peru.
4. Arequipa
Nestled in southern Peru is a city shimmering in white volcanic stone and overlooked by the snow-capped Misti Volcano. You’ll realise why Arequipa is also known as The White City as the sun bounces off the bright exteriors of the architecture.
The beauty of Arequipa captivates those who visit; streets adorned with ornate buildings, traditional restaurants and an impressive main square, oozing that classic South American flare. Exotic palm trees and restaurants line the beautiful plaza.
It also has some of the city’s most iconic buildings – including the Arequipa Cathedral and the Iglesia de la Compañía. Visit the Santa Catalina Convent, with its maze of cobbled alleys and historical buildings. Exploring the peaceful gardens and religious architecture gives you a feel for how the former nuns in this monastery once lived.
The Museo Santuarios Andinos is home to Juanita, the “Inca Ice Maiden. For those interested in Inca civilisations it’s a must see in the region. It’s thought that she was sacrificed around the year AD 1450 on top of the Nevado Ampato. She was found in the 90’s when volcanic ash melted the snow that surrounded her body.
5. Colca Canyon
The Colca Canyon is an impressive gorge located in southern Peru. At 3,270 metres, it’s one of the deepest in the world and one of the biggest attractions in the country. In fact it’s twice as deep as the famous Grand Canyon! The viewing platform has fantastic views of the canyon and surrounding landscape.
Visitors should keep an eye out for the famous Andean condor, the largest flying bird on the planet. It’s common to see them soar above the canyon! Colca Canyon is possible to visit on a day trip from Arequipa, and the scenic drive is rewarding in its own way – picture Andean wildlife roaming below rolling hills and mountain landscapes.
The Colca Canyon is located around 4 hours from Arequipa and the easiest way to get here is to take a tour with transportation to and from Arequipa.
6. Puno & Lake Titicaca
Another highly rated place to visit in Peru is Lake Titicaca.
Occupying parts of both Peru and Bolivia, Lake Titicaca is the largest lake in South America. At 3,800 meters above sea level, it’s also the highest navigable body of water in the world. The lake is home to over 500 aquatic species and a variety of bird life including the Andead coot.
The beautifully constructed islands are often the first image you’ll see when researching Lake Titicaca. Golden hued reeds floating on the bright blue water, and sights of locals wearing brightly coloured traditional clothing.
Myths and ancient beliefs are prevalent here. The Inca’s believed that Lake Titicaca was the birthplace of the sun. Inca legend also tells the story of how God Viracocha appeared from the lake and created the first Inca civilisation.
Ancient temples and ruins have also been found at the bottom of the lake which has created questions about the civilisations that existed here throughout history.
7. Cusco & the Sacred Valley
A must for any Peru itinerary is to head to the heart of the Andes and the atmospheric city of Cusco.
There are some must-dos here; the Inca ruins of Sacsayhuaman (pronounced “sexy-women”…if you like), the Plaza de Armas (brilliant for a night out hopping from club to club) and the ancient site of Qurikancha should all be on your list, as well as some time to chill out in the many cafés and bars that line the terracotta streets.
Outside of Cusco, the Sacred Valley consists of the settlements of Chinchero, Urubamba, Pisac, the weird alien landing-like site of Moray and the excellently named Ollantaytambo. While all are worth a visit, Pisac is famous for its huge market and Chinchero for the weaving cooperative that has revived ancient skills amongst the local women.
Ollantaytambo is by far the most spectacular Inca site in the valley with towering where giant stone blocks push through the mountain side to form ancient terraces. It also happens to be the most popular jumping off point for.
8. Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu is the masterpiece of Peru’s beautiful landscapes – with it’s mystical atmosphere, captivating Inca history and ancient ruins.
This is one of the top places to go South America, the remote attraction is undoubtedly a highlight of a trip to Peru. Machu Picchu and can be visited via train, or walking the legendary Inca Trail, which is one of the top rated hiking routes in the world.
The Inca Trail is one of the most iconic walking routes in the world, with this amazing path leading through the Andes to the ruins of Machu Picchu. If you want to trek the Inca Trail you’ll be in good company, as thousands of people follow this famous track every year.
While the challenge itself is enough for some people, the chance to view Machu Picchu in all its glory as you approach the end of your hike is certainly a major draw. Another aspect of this hike that’s truly fascinating is the opportunity to visit many Inca ruins as you walk, with the remains of towns and forts dotted throughout the mountains. Winay Wayna, Sayacmarca and Llaqtapata are among the ruins you’ll pass during your four-day trek.
When you walk along the Inca Trail, you’ll be wandering down a hiking track unlike any other; you’ll be following in the footsteps of an amazing civilisation that was incredibly advanced. It’s a real journey of discovery through stunning forests and over high mountain passes.
Check out our tips for what to know before visiting Machu Picchu.
9. The Amazon
It’s not particularly cheap or easy to get to and thus the jungle is often left off Peruvian itineraries.
However, if you can make it to either the northern outpost of Iquitos or the southern city of Puerto Maldonado you’re in for a genuine treat.
From either hub take a canoe up the river and stay at a lodge in the middle of nowhere to experience the ridiculously loud noise of the animals proclaiming their territory every morning and evening, canopy expeditions to view stunning parrots in their natural habitat, mildly unsettling night walks, and so much more.
A normal length of stay is a few days but, if you’d like to stay a little longer, your best bet is to look for an ecological site that takes volunteers in return for help with surveying and conservation work.
10. Trujillo and the North
After flying from the Amazon back to Lima (or taking the 30+ hour bus, honestly if you can, fly) don’t head straight to the airport. The north of Peru isn’t as popular or as peppered with incredible sites as the south, but its beauty, laid-back vibe and relative quiet makes it a brilliant addition.
Spend some time sightseeing in Trujillo and then take a trip to Chan Chan – an ancient and amazingly preserved mud city (more spectacular than it sounds). The surf town of Mancora is particularly popular with backpackers and the hot springs at Cajamarca are great for unwinding.
11. Ballestas Islands
Situated off the coast of Peru near the town of Paracas is a collection of rocky and rugged islets overflowing with nature. This is one of the lesser known and underrated places to go in Peru.
The Ballestas Islands are teeming with over 150 species of bird life including penguins and pelicans. You’ll also find an abundance of sea lions frolicking on the rocks. In order to protect the animals that call it home, it’s not possible to set foot on the island.
The best way to experience everything is on a boat trip that takes you as close as possible to view the animals that live here. You might even spot some dolphins dipping in and out of the water next to your boat!
The Ballestas Islands are a part of the Paracas National Reserve, protecting the fantastic natural landscape that exists here.
On a boat trip off the coast you’ll also witness the Candelabro. This is a mystical geoglyph that’s thought to be connected to the Nazca lines. An experience to remember and one of the top places to visit in Peru.
12. Fortified Citadel of Kuelap
Nestled in the north of Peru is an ancient citadel that is thought to be older than Machu Picchu itself.
The various crumbling structures, which sit at 3000 meters above sea level, have breathtaking views over the lush Andean scenery.
It’s often shrouded in a humid mist that creates the mystical atmosphere commonly found amongst the Andean mountains. Nature has reclaimed many of the structures.. However the main building, a large circular structure reaching 20 metres high, gives a fantastic glimpse of what once was.
The settlement was built by the Chachapoya, also known as the “Warriors of the Clouds”, due to living high in the Andes.
Walk amongst the ancient structures, of which there are over 500, and you will see stones with intricate carvings and unusual shapes. The UNESCO nominated site has previously only been accessible by a long drive and three hour hike.
Today, the process of reaching Kuelap is much more manageable after a cable car was constructed in 2017. We can only imagine this will cause a rise in tourism over the coming years, so best to visit sooner rather than later.
13. Cordillera Blanca Mountain Range
The beautiful scenes found in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range are not so different to the depths of Patagonia. Picture soaring mountains and glistening blue lakes deep in the Andes mountain range.
The Cordillera Blanca extend 200 kilometres and provide parts of northern Peru with water year-round. Many of its peaks reach over 6,000 meters with the highest called “Huascaran” standing at 6,768 meter above sea level.
To reach one of Peru’s best kept secrets, you’ll want to stay in the small town of Huaraz. If you are travelling overland, you’re looking at around an eight hour bus journey from Lima.
Huaraz itself is a charming and rustic town serving tourists looking to experience the mountains. You can expect small boutique lodges and hotels and plenty of local restaurants to choose from. There are various hikes depending on your fitness level.
The three main ones that are popular with tourists: the four day Santa Cruz hike, the approximately three hour Laguna 69 trek and the eight day Huayhuash trek. If you love hiking, this is one of the best places to visit in Peru.
14. Rainbow Mountain
Rainbow Mountain has become one of the most insta-worthy locations in Peru.
It’s colour scheme tends to resemble hues of dusty reds, oranges and yellows due to mineral deposits. When layers of thick snow melted away, the attraction came to light. This was only in 2015!
It’s a three and a half hour drive from Cusco followed by a one hour hike to the viewpoint. Don’t be deceived though, that one hour is uphill and at altitude so still requires a decent level of fitness. We recommend arriving early so that you can beat the crowds too!
Start Planning a Trip to Peru
Peru is one of the highlights of South America, a country which might look huge on a map but is packed with so many diverse locations. Its easy to see why Peru is one of the most popular backpacking destinations in the word.
We hope our guide has given you some ideas for the top rated locations to visit. Also before departing to Peru you might also like to learn basic Spanish to make your time here easier and more fun.
